idaho hoa rules and regulations

55-1507 . A good starting point is to check the HOA-USA Vendor Directory for your respective state. Along with a number of previous provisions, it adds new requirements for HOA meetings and financial disclosure. WHAT WE CAN LEARN FROM LARRY KINGS ESTATE. (3) Oral notice is effective when communicated, if communicated in a comprehensiblemanner. Homeowners faced with potential collections action must understand how the HOA collections process works and the legal rights and redress available for both homeowners and the association. The code sets forth a number of. HOAs cannot add restrictions on rentals to properties without the agreement in writing of a property owner. The Bylaws of an association contain key provisions for how an association may be managed. Idaho Fair Housing Law, I.C. | Maintained By: HOMEOWNERS ASSOCIATION ACT Amends, repeals, and adds to existing law to reestablish the Homeowners Association Act. The associations Declaration will generally set property restrictions, obligations of the association and its members, and property rights. of Justice Reasonable Accommodations under the Fair Housing Act (2004), Joint Statement of HUD and Dept. Hawley Troxell Ennis & Hawley LLP all rights reserved. HOA fees are considered debts under the FDCPA, and homeowners are protected consumers.. The Idaho Condominium Property Act E: prr@lso.idaho.gov, P.O. Under the new 55-3205, an HOA is required to provide up-to-date financial disclosures within 10 days of receiving such a request from a member and is required to deliver a copy of its financial disclosures to members within 60 days of the close of the HOAs fiscal year. window.zone_load_325849024 = function(z, d) { if (!d.count) document.getElementById('zone_load_325849024').style.display = 'none'; }; Public Records Request: P: 208-334-2475 The code, now in one place, makes it easier for HOA board members, administrators, and residents to see and understand several pieces of Idaho Code on HOAs. [], Exciting News From Brundage Mountain Resort! Spokane 422 W. Riverside Avenue, Suite 1100, Spokane, Washington 99201 / 509.624.5265 As of 2016, an HOA can no longer restrict or prohibit and rental of the property unless they receive the homeowners written agreement. Information Center: P: 208-332-1000 Fill out the following form to get your FREE Guide. Application to Qualified Foreign Nonprofit Corporation. If a majority of the board votes to fine a homeowner for being out of compliance with community law, they must provide written notice of the infraction and allow the owner 30 days to respond or fix the problem. HOAs cannot add restrictions on rentals to properties without the agreement in writing of a property owner. For more information on these new HOA statutes or other questions concerning real estate law, please contact attorneyJustin Cranney. Introduced, readfirsttime, referredtoJRAforPrinting, ReportedPrintedandReferredtoBusiness, ReportedoutofCommitteewithDoPassRecommendation, FiledforSecondReading, Readsecondtime;FiledforThirdReading, RulesSuspended:Ayes66Nays0Abs/Excd4, readinfullasrequired , ReceivedfromtheHousepassed;filedforfirstreading, Introduced, readfirsttime;referredto:Commerce&HumanResources, ReportedoutofCommitteewithDoPassRecommendation;Filedforsecondreading, Readsecondtime;filedforThirdReading, ReturnedfromSenatePassed;toJRAforEnrolling, ReportedEnrolled;SignedbySpeaker;TransmittedtoSenate, ReceivedfromtheHouseenrolled/signedbySpeaker, ReturnedSignedbythePresident;OrderedTransmittedtoGovernor, DeliveredtoGovernorat12:25p.m.onMarch25, 2022, ReportedSignedbyGovernoronMarch31, 2022. Political signs cant be outlawed on homeowner property, unless they threaten public health and safety, violate other laws, or are accompanied by sound or music. Educational HOA articles. Statement Of Account Disclosure Of Fees. In other words, a vote of the Board of Directors of the HOA or the homeowners is insufficient alone to restrict rentals. ADA Revised Requirements: Service Animals - This publication clarifies and refines issues and contains new, and updated, requirements, including the 2010 Standards for Accessible Design (2010 Standards). HOA Documents - The associations Declaration of Covenants, Conditions, and Restrictions (CC&Rs), Amendments to CC&Rs, Bylaws, Lien Notices, HOA Notices, Plats, Maps, and other community documents can be found by visiting the county recorders office website in which the association is located. The daily journals are published at the end of each legislative day. 55-115(4) - The Act prohibits homeowners associations from adding, amending, or enforcing any covenant, condition, or restriction in such a way that prohibits the installation of solar panels or solar collectors on the rooftop of any property or structure thereon within the jurisdiction of the homeowners association. Examples of clean-up include (a) streamlining the use of definitions, which are all now defined in one location in the new 55-3203, (b) separating long, compound sentences into shorter, manageable sentences, and (c) replacing shall with must.. Actions Relating To Common Areas Persons Designated To Receive Process New Designation Filed Service On Auditor Copy From Auditor To Management Body Application Of Corporate Law. Unincorporated associations are likewise governed by the Idaho Unincorporated Non-Profit Corporations Act. They may regulate the location of solar panels as long as it does not interfere with function. TITLE 30 CORPORATIONS CHAPTER 27 UNINCORPORATED NONPROFIT ASSOCIATIONS PART 1 GENERAL PROVISIONS How current is this law? Removal of Designated or Appointed Directors. CC&Rs often cover legal issues, such as: Property-use restrictions Clearly defined maintenance obligations for the HOA and individual members Boise 877 W. Main Street, 2nd Floor, Boise, Idaho 83702 / 208.344.6000 (3) A HOA Board cannot use its rule-making power with respect to common property to expand any restrictive covenants as they relate to a Members property. The locations of existing HOA-related laws in the Idaho Code, that is to say, 45-810, 55-115, and 55-116, have moved. HOAs are prohibited from restricting the installation of solar panels on homes. Victims may also file a private lawsuit in the federal district court within two (2) years of the discriminatory act. Submitting a contact form, sending a text message, making a phone call, or leaving a voicemail does not create an attorney-client relationship. Unless it is stated in the community bylaws, the standard term limit for the board of directors is one year. The best way for HOA board members, residents and community managers to stay informed with constantly changing trends and best practices is to subscribe to the HOA-USA e-newsletter. Clean-up refers to changes that are primarily stylistic and have no effect (or a very limited effect) on the meaning of the original language. In that case, a homeowner purchased a townhouse subject to CC&Rs that did not restrict an owners ability to rent his/her unit. Homeowners associations in Idaho must be organized as corporations, most choose to file as non-profit, and therefore must follow the state Nonprofit Corporation Act. If everyone complies, the community as a whole will benefitor at least that is the idea. Remote bidding will be available. The Vendor Directory is visited by thousands of board members each month. Governor Little signed House Bill 703 (HB 703) on March 31, 2022, to be effective on July 1, 2022. HOA law in Idaho has been changing dramatically since 2014 to curb the power of homeowners associations. Taking the necessary precautions to avoid exposure to the virus and preparing for the financial ramifications will require prudence, careful planning, and maybe even a little creative thinking. It does not apply to homeowners associations. Even if a community has a valid reason to restrict short-term rentals, it still needs legal and/or contractual authority to support the restriction. If the unit owner begins taking steps to correct the violation, the fine is no longer valid. The homeowner argued that the amendment unlawfully restrained the free use of his property. The Act regulates the activities of debt collectors and requires a permit to conduct various collection activities in the state. Box 83720Boise, ID 83720-0081P: 208-332-1000 | F: 208-334-2320 With that in mind, courts throughout the country have consistently upheld the right of HOAs to impose architectural restrictions as long as the restriction serves a legitimate purpose, is within the association's power under state law and/or the community's declaration, and does not violate any other law or public policy. 6.1 Informed Tenants. At first blush, homeowner's association guidelines concerning fencing may seem a bit nitpicky. Action or Proceeding Not Abated by Change. Four levels of Partnership allow us to provide cost-effective marketing campaigns to companies large and small. This guide will help all community members, including the board, resolve conflict, and avoid escalation. The Act applies to condominium associations, rather than homeowners associations, and generally set forth more detailed statutory requirements for condos than what is applicable to HOAs. They may regulate the location of solar panels as long as it does not interfere with function. Idahos new HOA Act will go into effect on July 1st. Idaho Unincorporated Non-Profit Corporations Act, Homeowners Associations - Prohibited Conduct, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Joint Statement of HUD and Dept. Chapter 15 - Idaho State Legislature Print Friendly Idaho Statutes Idaho Statutes are updated to the web July 1 following the legislative session. Without them, things can get out of control quickly. Flags of the state, the US, branches of the military, or POW/MIA cant be prohibited. be required prior to imposing any fine on a member for a violation of any covenants and restrictions pursuant to the rules and regulations of the homeowner's association. The 2016 amendment to Idaho Code 55-115 allows HOAs to impose rental restrictions in their CC&Rs, but they are only valid if the homeowners agree to the amendment in writing. HOA LAWS VARY AMONG STATES GET FAMILIAR WITH your state's laws. The primary purpose of an HOA is to protect property values and maintain common elements of the community. Coeur d'Alene 608 Northwest Boulevard, Suite 300, Coeur d'Alene, Idaho 83814 / 208.444.4170 26-2221 et. The board of directors is required to give notice of all meetings by posting information on conspicuous spaces in community common areas at least ten days before the meeting. The code, now in one place, makes it easier for HOA board members, administrators, and residents to see and understand several pieces of Idaho Code on HOAs. IRS Cost of Living Adjustments for Retirement Plans, Form 5500 and Other Retirement/Benefit Plan Reminders and Developments, What You Need To Know To Be Ready For The Corporate Transparency Act, CDC Extends Eviction Order Until March 31, 2021. They are put in place to protect everyone's investment in their home, help provide a unified look and maintain peaceful enjoyment of the community for everyone. Solar panels cannot be prohibited, though some rules on location and reasonable restrictions on design are allowed. If you don't know which one supersedes the others, take a look at the list below: 1. Joint Statement of HUD and Dept. 6.2 Lease or Rental Terms. 14460 Falls of Neuse Rd, Suite 149-259 Application to Canal Companies and Carey Act Companies. Idaho code trumps any HOA rules or CC&Rs, which means the following provisions cant be enforced by an HOA: Idaho code trumps any HOA rules or CC&Rs, which means the following provisions cant be enforced by an HOA: Frequently Asked Questions about Service Animals and the ADA - A guide on the ADA's service animal provisions. [Donut holes & taxation without representation: New Idaho law impacts CIDs including Harris Ranch and future areas] According to the Act, debt collectors must secure a permit to perform collection activities in Idaho. HOAs in Idaho cannot impose fines unless it is explicitly stated in the Community Covenants, Conditions, and Restrictions (CC&Rs). Companies interested in learning more about the HOA-USA Partner Program should inquire in the comments section of the form below or contact HOA-USA at 919-459-2859. This Act details insurance requirements, common element maintenance, and the retention of records for condominiums. Our readers may recall that under a rule that dictates American conflicts of law, the constitution is superior and will trump any statute in disagreementthe CC&Rs function in a similar manner within the framework of HOA documents. HOA LAWS AND RESOURCES. The Bureau is not a government agency, law firm, or attorney and cannot provide you with any kind of legal advice or legal recommendations. of Justice Reasonable Modifications under the Fair Housing Act (2008). Box 83720Boise, ID 83720-0038P: 208-332-1000 | F: 208-334-2491 Flags of the state, the US, branches of the military, or POW/MIA cant be prohibited. Importantly, homeowners associations are bound by their governing documents (Bylaws, Declaration, Articles of Incorporation). This law protects people from housing discrimination based on race, religion, color, sex, national origin, disability, age 40 and above, and retaliation. Idahos new HOA Act will go into effect on July 1st. HOA-USA is pleased to offer a FREE listing for your management company in our state-specific Management Company Directory. Homeowners can't completely avoid the fallout from Coronavirus, but there are a few measures that could hopefully soften the blow. As mentioned before, the Articles of Incorporation establish more than just bylaws as governing documents; they also introduce some of the most important rules and regulations for residents formally known as Covenants, Conditions and Restrictions (CC&Rs). Search the Idaho Statutes and Constitution Under this Idaho law, homeowners associations may not discriminate against people based on their color, race, national origin, religion, sex, or disability. Spite Fences: Sundowner Inc. v. King, 509 P.2d 785 (Idaho 1973) Tree Trimming: Idaho Code Section 6-202. HOAs are prohibited from restricting the installation of solar panels on homes. Newly enacted prohibitions, often more specific, are considered as rules and regulations of the community. Idahos Condominium Property Act, I.C. Website issues: E: lsoweb@lso.idaho.gov. Twin Lakes Owners' Association Community Rules and Regulations (Last updated: 5/11/20) A: FINES 1. HOAs and condominium associations have an essential role to play in slowing the spread of COVID-19. HOA-USA.com is designed to provide state specific marketing opportunities to our Partners. 2023 Idaho State Legislature. of Justice Reasonable Modifications under the Fair Housing Act (2008), Assessing a Persons Request to Have an Animal as a Reasonable Accommodation Under the Fair Housing Act (2020), United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division, Frequently Asked Questions about Service Animals and the ADA, ADA Revised Requirements: Service Animals, Federal Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, Homeowners' Association As Vacation Destination: Short-Term Rental Restrictions in HOAs, Enforcing Conformity: Home Improvement Projects And Architectural Review Boards In HOAs, Step-By-Step Guide To The HOA Assessment Collections Process, Preventing the Spread of COVID-19 Within HOA Communities, HOA Powers and Obligations In Emergency Situations, Weathering The Storm: Coronavirus And Its Financial Impact on Homeowners. Solar panels cannot be prohibited, though some rules on location and reasonable restrictions on design are allowed. Victims of housing discrimination can file a complaint with the Idaho Human Rights Commission or HUD within one (1) year from the date of the discriminatory act. The U.S. legal system generally views any land-use restrictions with suspicion. As of August 2017 all rules and regulations listed under this committee shall carry a fine when violated as defined by the nature of the violation. Idaho Legislature - Search your state representative and the legislation (or, "statutory law") database. Box 83720Boise, ID 83720-0054P: 208-334-2475TTY/TTD Call: 7-1-1 Property description to which then will attach. Idaho State Bar Association - The office gives the public access to a lawyer directory, lawyer referral service, free or low-cost legal services, and records to determine if a lawyer is in good standing, verify their malpractice insurance, or file a complaint. of Justice Reasonable Accommodations under the Fair Housing Act (2004). The associations Bylaws generally dictate, among other things, the term, duties, and responsibilities of its board, meeting, voting, and election procedures; and management of the association. First, two new requirements have been added to an HOAs financial disclosure requirements. Some examples include stormwater runoff, coastal development, elevator inspections for condos, and pool operations to name a few. Liens For Labor, Services Or Materials Express Consent Emergency Repairs Proportionate Payment For Removal Of Lien. The Articles of Incorporation typically outline and define the associations corporate status, powers, and limits. The HOA must also provide a copy of the associations financial statement to all members each year. legislature of the state of idaho sixty-sixth legislature second regular session - 2022 inthehouseofrepresentatives housebillno.703 bywaysandmeanscommittee 1 anact 2 relating to the homeowner's association act; repealing section 45-810, 3 idahocode,relatingtohomeowner'sassociationliens;repealingsec- On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of COVID-19 (the medical condition caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2), a global pandemic. HOA-USA.com is designed to provide state specific marketing opportunities to our Partners. The fundamental purpose of a homeowners association is to benefit the community and its members. You can find the Idaho Collection Agency Act under Title 26, Chapter 22 of the Idaho Statutes. The owners jointly agree to accept certain obligations and restrictions on how properties in the community can be used. Homeowners Associations - Prohibited Conduct, I.C. Idaho Homeowners' Association Rules and Regulations However, if the restriction is in the covenants, conditions, and restrictions signed when the property is purchased, they are valid and enforceable. Action on Plan by Board, Members and Third Persons. This is a single static listing for your state. The code, now in one place, makes it easier for HOA board members, administrators, and residents to see and understand several pieces of Idaho Code on HOAs. If you are interested in having your listing link to your website, and be displayed near the top of the page, please inquire about our Partner Programs. Below is a chart showing how existing HOA laws were remapped under HB 703: The majority of changes that HB 703 makes to existing HOA laws are merely clean-up revisions. All Rights Reserved. Search the Idaho Statutes and Constitution The Idaho Legislature quietly revamped the state's laws relating to homeowner's associations this session. Title 55 - Idaho State Legislature Print Friendly Idaho Statutes Idaho Statutes are updated to the web July 1 following the legislative session. State laws affecting Common Interest Communities vary widely. The notice for meetings and agendas shall also be posted electronically if the entity maintains an online presence through a website or a social media platform. Amendment of Articles by Directors and Members. 3 levels of Partnership allow us to provide cost-effective marketing campaigns to companies large and small. DISCLOSURE OF FEES AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURES. Statement of Authority as to Real Property. Most of the time, the overall goal is to increase property values and raise the living standard in the community. Removal of Directors Elected by Members or Directors. In an emergency, though, an HOAs role can take on an entirely new dimension. Privacy Policy | Terms of Use | Accessibility Statement, Having HOA problems? Yes, homeowners association bylaws are generally legally binding and enforceable. Homeowners installing renewable energy systems are subject to permitting procedures. Members Liability for Dues, Assessments and Fees. 3 levels of Partnership allow us to provide cost-effective marketing campaigns to companies large and small. The Operating Rules & Regulations are developed by the board of the HOA to determine how the day-to-day procedures will operate in the HOA. Actions By Management On Behalf Of Two Or More Owners. Assessing a Persons Request to Have an Animal as a Reasonable Accommodation Under the Fair Housing Act (2020). A new Idaho law set to take effect this summer will curb the power of homeowners' associations after state lawmakers felt some organizations were abusing their authority. Term limits for board directors cannot exceed five years. One way or another, future historians will consider the Coronavirus Pandemic among the most noteworthy events of the early 21st Century. Subsection (3) prohibits HOAs from amending their covenants, conditions and restrictions (CC&Rs) to limit or prohibit the rental of property within the subdivision unless the homeowners agree to the amendment in writing. HOA-USA is pleased to offer a FREE listing in our state-specific Vendor Directory. 55-115 - The law includes provisions limiting an associations power to impose fines, rental restrictions, solar panels, and attorneys fees. Bill Text Statement of Purpose / Fiscal Note, P.O. SAMPLE ASSOCIATION BYLAWS. HOAs cannot add restrictions on rentals to properties without the agreement in writing of a property owner. An elected HOA board is tasked with general administration and operation of the association, including enforcement of covenants, restrictions, and rules. The full economic impact on homeowners and their families cannot yet be precisely predicted, but it is likely to be immense. The code sets forth a number of stipulations, though. Public Records Request: P: 208-334-2475 Disclaimer:HOPB provides information and resources related to American homeowners' associations. The bill passed the House overwhelmingly, with a vote of 63-3, and the Senate 34-1, was signed by Gov. Political signs cant be outlawed on homeowner property, unless they threaten public health and safety, violate other laws, or are accompanied by sound or music., Flags of the state, the US, branches of the military, or POW/MIA cant be prohibited. Officers Authority to Execute Documents. The code sets forth a number of stipulations, though. Youve been successfully subscribed to our newsletter! Debt collectors must also comply with the Federal Debt Collection Practices Act (FDCPA), which prohibits debt collectors from using abusive, unfair, or deceptive practices when attempting to collect a debt. HOA Rules and Regulations work in conjunction with the bylaws. Directors may be reelected for up to five years. There are certainIdaho HOA laws that homeowners associations must follow, though not many know what they are. The HOA must also provide a copy of the associations financial statement to all members each year. Insurance Of Individual Units By Management Body. Some examples of prohibited conduct found under the Idaho Statutes Section 55-115 include but are not limited to: The Idaho Collection Agency Act governs the activities of debt collectors. It also prohibits discrimination based on age (40 years and above) and retaliation. The Idaho Legislature recently made two important changes in Idaho law affecting homeowners associations (HOAs). | Maintained By: PROPERTY AND OWNERSHIP GENERAL PROVISIONS, HOMESTEADS OF HEADS OF FAMILIES [REPEALED], HOMESTEADS OF PERSONS OTHER THAN HEADS OF FAMILIES [REPEALED], SALE OR DISPOSITION OF LAND LOCATED OUTSIDE THE STATE, ACTIVITIES IN PROXIMITY TO HIGH VOLTAGE OVERHEAD LINES. This text will not be visible on the front end. Joint Statement of HUD and Dept. Public Records Request: P: 208-334-2475 The company information you provide will be used solely for the purpose of updating our site, and your personal information will not be shared with anyone. [Donut holes & taxation without representation: New Idaho law impacts CIDs including Harris Ranch and future areas] Action by Mailed Written Ballot or Absentee Ballot. Gov. This is a legally binding document that is officially recorded and filed with your state. This amendment was a response to a recent Idaho Supreme Court Decision, Adams v. Kimberley One Townhouse Owners Association, 158 Idaho 770 (2015). It is not uncommon to find conflicts within or between governing documents such as the covenants and the bylaws. Idaho Commission of Human Rights - The agency administers Idahos discrimination laws. Giving you facts, not opinions. seq. HOA Management (.com) Copyright 2023 | All rights reserved. A quorum is reached if 1/3 of the voting parties are present unless otherwise specified. These informational materials are not intended, and must not be taken, as legal advice on any particular set of facts or circumstances. Brad Little late last month. E: idleginfo@lso.idaho.gov, P.O. And for non-profit corporations, there are two Acts that govern their corporate procedure and structure. Dissolution by Incorporators or Directors and Third Persons. And, HOA members can ask for an up-to-date financial disclosure at any time, which must be provided within ten days. In addition, the Legislature added Subsection (4) which requires HOAs to follow certain voting and notice requirements before assessing or collecting attorney fees incurred by the HOA as a result of the violation of the CC&Rs by a homeowner. About BoiseDevContact: [emailprotected]Privacy policy | Terms, Don is the founder and publisher of BoiseDev. To cover the cost of maintenance, the community association may impose mandatory fees upon association members. 3. municatedbypublicationforten(10)dayspursuanttosection60-109,Idaho Code. Raleigh, NC 27614. Refusal To Approve Project Or Record Plat Forbidden. Idaho Office of the Attorney General - The office of the attorney general plays an essential role in protecting the state's citizens. A separate section under the Idaho Statutes governs homeowners association liens (Section 45-810). The 2016 amendment to Idaho Code 55-115 allows HOAs to impose rental restrictions in their CC&Rs, but they are only valid if the homeowners agree to the amendment in writing. Idaho Collection Agency Act, I.C. Federal Laws - In addition to state law regulations, the federal government has laws that govern the operation and management of common interest communities in the state of Idaho.. Idaho Fair Housing Law, I.C. Residential condominiums, cooperatives, and homeowners' associations are generally creatures of state law. Enjoy unlimited access to nearly 2,000 acres of incredible winter terrain AND unlimited summer lift access, [], Guess Who Made The List? Companies interested in learning more about the HOA-USA Partner Program should inquire in the comments section of the form below or contact HOA . (b) Written notice by personal service or certified mail of the . The changes came by way of amendments to Idaho Code 55-115. Idaho Passes New HOA Laws, Here is what you need to know by Steve & Cindy Jones HOA Pool Gov. Generally, the rules and regulations will be the lowest in the hierarchy of documents. Solar panels cannot be prohibited, though some rules on location and reasonable restrictions on design are allowed. Loans to or Guarantees for Directors and Officers. No special meeting shall be held without at least a twenty-four (24) hour meeting and agenda notice, unless an emergency exists. (4) Written notice, if in a comprehensible form, is effective at the earliestofthefollowing: (a) Whenreceived; (b) Five (5) days after its deposit in the United States mail, as ev- This article is provided by Hawley Troxell Ennis & Hawley LLP for educational and information purposes only. Be sure to carefully look over community documents to make sure that you are following specific community rules. Search the Idaho Statutes and Constitution Idahos new HOA Act will go into effect on July 1st. Your CC&Rs cover the rights and obligations of the homeowners association to its members and vice versa. McCall, Idaho Situated on the shores of gorgeous Payette Lake in the state of Idaho, McCall is a mountain town that does not receive nearly enough credit. Political signs cant be outlawed on homeowner property, unless they threaten public health and safety, violate other laws, or are accompanied by sound or music. Administration By-Laws Articles Of Incorporation Recordation Required To Modify Or Amend. Political signs cant be outlawed on homeowner property, unless they threaten public health and safety, violate other laws, or are accompanied by sound or music. 6.0 RENT LEASE RULES. If you have questions about our company or would like additional information about our HOA financial management services, please. Because of the wide variance in state laws, constant changes and possible conflicts in governing documents or statutes, it is strongly recommended that association boards and members seek legal counsel and especially with firms that have expertise or strong practice experience in the area of Common Interest Community law.

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idaho hoa rules and regulations