The U.S. Government provided a veteran's tombstone for Anderson's grave in 1967. Baker, a local judge who was a Confederate sympathizer. Residents. They attacked the fort on October 6, but the 90 Union troops there quickly took refuge inside, suffering minimal losses. Their familiarity with the landscape enabled them to appear and disappear into the woods like ghosts. Rains, son of rebel Gen. [153], Archie Clement led the guerrillas after Anderson's death, but the group splintered by mid-November. Bloody Bill Impostor William C. Anderson The Myth that Bloody Bill Anderson had survived the war and was living in Brownwood Texas originated in 1924, after a young Brownwood reporter named Henry Clay Fuller spent several hours talking with an 84 year old William C. Anderson in his home on Salt Creek. III. On June 12, 1864, Anderson and 50 of his men engaged 15 members of the Missouri State Militia, killing and robbing 12. The order was intended to undermine the guerrillas' support network in Missouri. Around that time, he received further media coverage: the St. Joseph Morning Herald deemed him a "heartless scoundrel", publishing an account of his torture of a captured Union soldier. As a general rule, bushwhackers would attack quickly and withdraw if. . They will receive pay and allowance for subsistence and forage for the time actually in the field, as established by the affadavits of their captains. Bloody Bill Anderson - Etsy Check out our bloody bill anderson selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our shops. The two were prominent Unionists and hid their identities from the guerrillas. arms army asked attack August Baker band began better Bill Anderson Bloody Bill body brother bushwhackers called camp Castel Centralia City Clark close commander Company Confederate. The Confederate guerilla died in battle on October 26, 1864. Although some men begged him to spare them, he persisted, only relenting when a woman pleaded with him not to torch her house. Wood describes him as the "bloodiest man in America's deadliest war"[164] and characterizes him as the clearest example of the war's "dehumanizing influence". [87] Although they forced the Union soldiers to flee, Anderson and Jesse James were injured in the encounter and the guerrillas retired to Boone County to rest. Their families and other local Confederate sympathizers supplied them with shelter, food, medical care and tactical information about Union activities. Again, were those 2 pistols found on the horse or were there more as Cox's statement was in the plural. [23] They also attacked Union soldiers, killing seven by early 1863. The guerrillas heard that the cavalry was approaching,[110] and Anderson sent a party to set an ambush. Quantrill and other guerrillas nonetheless sought and sometimes received formal Confederate commissions as partisan rangers. Bill and Jim Anderson soon after this drifted off to the Sni Hills, in Missouri, where they had relatives. Cox stated that he went out & took one of Anderson's pistols along with money & a gold watch. [50] Shortly after the initial assault, a larger group of Union troops approached Fort Blair, unaware the fort had been attacked and that the men they saw outside the fort dressed in Union uniforms were actually disguised guerrillas. . [84] The guerrillas quickly forced the attackers to flee, and Anderson shot and injured one woman as she fled the house. You certainly wouldn't do that aboard a horse. II. . Anderson, William William T. "Bloody Bill" Anderson was born in Kentucky in 1839; he migrated with his family from Missouri to the Council Grove, Kansas area before the war. The .500 Bushwhacker is the biggest, baddest handgun cartridge in the world right now. TII Armory's James Tow says it's powerful enough to ethically take any game animal on the planet, including all the African Big 5. Bloody Bill Anderson Also included in the list was Cole Younger, whose father was killed by the Kansans, and his mother made homeless after watching their house burn to the ground. On March 12, 1864, in the midst of a bloody war which had long overflowed its thimble, Margaret Brooks was returning from her home near Memphis, Tennessee when her wagon broke down in Nonconnah Creek. Born about 1839 in Kentucky, the family early moved to Missouri, where William grew up near the town of Huntsville in Randolph County. Local citizens demanded possession of the corpse. From Donald Hale's book " They call him Bloody Bill" it stated that Cox had sent a Lt. Baker to act as bait to lure Bill & his troops into an ambush. [126] The Union soldier held captive at Centralia was impressed with the control Anderson exercised over his men. Powered by Tetra-WebBBS 6.21 / TetraBB PRO 0.30 2006-2012 tetrabb.com. [11] He joined the freight shipping operation for which his father worked and was given a position known as "second boss" for a wagon trip to New Mexico. William Quantrill and William "Bloody Bill" Anderson are well-known bushwhacker leaders in Missouri. A wide-brimmed slouch hat was the headgear of choice. As he entered the building he was restrained by a constable and fatally shot by Baker. The Fate of the Bushwhackers , Confederate leaders were unsure about guerrillas. Copyright20062023,Somerightsreserved. [102] This was the first capture of a Union passenger train in the war. William T. "Bloody Bill" Anderson (circa 1838 - October 26, 1864) was a pro-Confederate guerrilla leader in the American Civil War. In December, 1861, he organized his infamous guerrilla band, which included William "Bloody Bill" Anderson, George Todd, Fletcher Taylor, Cole Younger, and Frank James, to name a few. Then I noticed Bloody Bill Anderson and he has a very small existence in Josey Wales. These acts were interpreted as tyranny and compelled many Missouri men to become bushwhackers. Anderson reached a Confederate Army camp; although he hoped to kill some injured Union prisoners there, he was prevented from doing so by camp doctors. For the American Revolutionary War loyalist, see, Anderson's middle name is unknown. [86], On August 13, Anderson and his men traveled through Ray County, Missouri, to the Missouri River, where they engaged Union militia. Its frame and grip initially matched the Navy in size, but Colt later lengthened the grip to absorb. Richeson, Richerson, Richardson originally from Taylor County, Kentucky. [12] In late 1861, Anderson traveled south with Jim and Judge Baker in an apparent attempt to join the Confederate Army. They had sworn to be revenged for the death of their father, and made their troubles an excuse for the career of bushwhacking in which they engaged with the Quantrill gang. Quantrill expelled him and warned him not to come back, and the man was fatally shot by some of Quantrill's men when he attempted to return. [1] By 1860, the young William T. Anderson was a joint owner of a 320-acre (1.3km2) property that was worth $500;[c] his family had a total net worth of around $1,000. They buried him in an unmarked grave in Richmond's Pioneer Cemetery. When as many as 10 men come together for this purpose they may organize by electing a captain, 1 sergeant, 1 corporal, and will at once commence operation against the enemy without waiting for special instructions. Wood believes that these stories are inaccurate, citing a lack of documentary evidence. The Federal command in St. Louis, Mo. (. The guerrillas blocked the railroad, forcing the train to stop. William T. Anderson (1839 - October 26, 1864), better known as "Bloody Bill," was one of the deadliest and most brutal pro-Confederate guerrilla leaders in the American Civil War.Anderson led a band of Missouri Partisan rangers* that targeted Union loyalists and Federal soldiers in Missouri and Kansas. Burial. [145], Union soldiers identified Anderson by a letter found in his pocket and paraded his body through the streets of Richmond, Missouri. [166] According to journalist T.J. Stiles, Anderson was not necessarily a "sadistic fiend",[167] but illustrated how young men became part of a "culture of atrocity" during the war. [63], Anderson and his men rested in Texas for several months before returning to Missouri. This is his story. The younger Anderson buried his father[17] and was subsequently arrested for assisting Griffith. [74] By August, the St. Joseph Herald, a Missouri newspaper, was describing him as "the Devil". [140][139] He left the area with 150 men. The Andersons barricaded the door to the basement and set the store on fire, killing Baker and his brother-in-law. They relied on knowledge of the local terrain for survival. Anderson himself was killed a month later in battle. eHistory website entry (Submitted on October 1, 2020, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania.) Answer: Coffeyville. [103], Anderson ordered his men not to harass the women on the train, but the guerrillas robbed all of the men, finding over $9,000 (equivalent to $156,000 in 2021) and taking the soldiers' uniforms. He worked with his brother Jim, their friend Lee Griffith and several accomplices strung along the Santa Fe Trail. For the more effectual annoyance of the enemy upon our rivers and in our mountains and woods all citizens of this district who are not conscripted are called upon to organize themselves into independent companies of mounted men or infantry, as they prefer, arming themselves and to serve in that part of the district to which they belong. He thought the cashier was an informant. "Bloody Bill" redirects here. [99][100] As the guerrillas robbed the stagecoach passengers, a train arrived. In response, Union militias developed hand signals to verify that approaching men in Union uniforms were not guerrillas. A State Divided: The Civil War in Missouri. [38], Although Quantrill had considered the idea of a raid on the pro-Union stronghold that was the town of Lawrence, Kansas before the building collapsed in Kansas City, the deaths convinced the guerrillas to make a bold strike. Anderson was under Quantrill's command, but independently organized some attacks. Some local citizens suspected the Anderson family was assisting Griffith and traveled to their house to confront the elder William Anderson. [72] Anderson's men robbed the town's depository, gaining about $40,000 (equivalent to $693,000 in 2021) in the robbery, although Anderson returned some money to the friend he had met at the hotel. ; Battle of Lexington State Historic Site in Lexington, Mo. A lot of the federal troops in Missouri were Infantry & only the officer's would have pistols. [151] In 1908, Cole Younger, a former guerrilla who served under Quantrill, reburied Anderson's body in the Old Pioneer Cemetery in Richmond, Missouri. While on public display, a local photographer documented his death. This action angered his men, who saw themselves as the protectors of women, but Anderson dismissed their concerns, saying such things were inevitable. [135] After Confederate forces under General Joseph O. Shelby conquered Glasgow, Anderson traveled to the city to loot. [14] However, the group was attacked by the Union's 6th Regiment Kansas Volunteer Cavalry in Vernon County, Missouri;[e] the cavalry likely assumed they were Confederate guerrillas. [46] They left town at 9:00am after a company of Union soldiers approached the town. My 1888 Luscomb #b. Clad in Union uniforms, the guerrillas generated little suspicion as they approached the town,[92] even though it had received warning of nearby guerrillas. Below is one of the articles written by Brownwood Banner - Bulletin staff writer Henry C. Fuller after Interviewing William C. "Bloody Bill" Anderson of Quantrill's Guerrillas of the Civil War at his home at Salt Creek, Brown County, Texas in 1924. . It's either the flesh eating . By the time of his death in 1864 Anderson had become one of the most sought after men in Missouri and had left a trail of blood and hatred across the west and central portions of the state. [154] Most Confederate guerrillas had lost heart by then, owing to a cold winter and the simultaneous failure of General Price's 1864 invasion of Missouri, which ensured the state would remain securely under Union control for the rest of the war. [29], In early summer 1863, Anderson was made a lieutenant, serving in a unit led by George M. Todd. Anderson was described as "nearly six feet tall, of rather swarthy complexion and had long, black hair, inclined to curl. They had hoped to attack a train, but its conductor learned of their presence and turned back before reaching the town. [65], On July 6, a Confederate sympathizer brought Anderson newspapers containing articles about him. , Cole Younger, 1913. The Tactical Genius of Bloody Bill Anderson by Sean McLachlan 2/13/2018 His ruthless nature earned his moniker and obscured a flair for strategy. Anderson and his men camped with at least 300 men, including Todd. While they were confined, the building collapsed, killing one of Anderson's sisters. [125], Anderson visited Confederate sympathizers as he traveled, some of whom viewed him as a hero for fighting the Union, whom they deeply hated. The Guerrilla Lifestyle After Bill Anderson's death in Richmond, Missouri on October 27, 1864 his brother Jim Anderson gathered together their surviving sisters, Mollie and Mattie and took them to Sherman, Texas. Desperate to put a stop to Anderson's bloodshed, the Union Army eventually raised a small militia to hunt him down. 3. Browning James A. [94], On September 26, Anderson and his men reached Monroe County, Missouri,[95] and traveled towards Paris, but learned of other nearby guerrillas and rendezvoused with them near Audrain County. Although Union supporters viewed him as incorrigibly evil, Confederate supporters in Missouri saw his actions as justifiable. "The war brought on hate and strife and killing around here. [64] The next day, in southeast Jackson County, Anderson's group ambushed a wagon train carrying members of the Union 1st Northeast Missouri Cavalry, killing nine. [1] There he robbed travelers and killed several Union soldiers. Touch for directions. from Wichita State University and his Ph.D. in History and Political Science from the University of Chicago. On July 15, 1864 "Bloody Bill" Anderson returned home. Longley's Bloody Bill Anderson Mystery Group on July 13, 2009: " Francis M Richardson was a carpenter as shown in the 1860 Grayson County Texas Census. Anderson and his men dressed as Union soldiers, wearing uniforms taken from those they killed. During the American Civil War, the James family sided with the Confederates, and Frank and Jesse James joined a group of guerrillas, or . In 1908, the ex-guerrillas and former outlaws Jim Cummins and Cole Younger arranged for a funeral service at Anderson's gravesite. 100, in April 1863, set a national policy, outlining guerrillas and their treatment. As soon as the company attains the strength required by law it will proceed to elect the other officers to which it is entitled. En route, some guerrillas robbed a Union supporter, but Anderson knew the man and reimbursed him. [96] Although a large group of guerrillas was assembled, their leaders felt there were no promising targets to attack because all of the large towns nearby were heavily guarded. [4] In 1857, they relocated to the Kansas Territory, traveling southwest on the Santa Fe Trail and settling 13 miles (21km) east of Council Grove. Bloody Bill Anderson "Bill Anderson!" William Clarke Quantrill commands. and also on the Agnes City Census of Kansas in 1850. [45] The guerrillas under Anderson's command, notably including Archie Clement and Frank James, killed more than any of the other group. Answer: He mistook the cashier for Samuel P Cox, the killer of 'Bloody Bill' Anderson. [9][d] On June 28, 1860, William's mother, Martha Anderson, died after being struck by lightning. A stagecoach soon arrived, and Anderson's men robbed the passengers, including Congressman James S. Rollins and a plainclothes sheriff. As armies march across America from 1861 to 1865, other combatants shot soldiers from ambush and terrorized civilians of opposing loyalties in a fierce guerrilla war. [133] The group then traveled west, disregarding the mission assigned by General Price[134] in favor of looting. For instance, you could play Jesse James-an American outlaw who was also a confederate soldier under Bloody Bill Anderson's leadership. By 1860 the .44- caliber New Model Army revolver soon rivaled the Navy on which it was based. [122] In the aftermath of the massacre, Union soldiers committed several revenge killings of Confederate-sympathizing civilians. [42] The Provost Marshal of Kansas, a Union captain who commanded military police, surrendered to the guerrillas and Anderson took his uniform[43] (guerrillas often wore uniforms stolen from Union soldiers). . They claimed to be fighting for the Confederacy, but in fact, their murdering and looting benefited only their pocketbooks. Bloody Bill Anderson - Lies and Sensationalism. [158] He was later discussed in biographies of Quantrill, which typically cast Anderson as an inveterate murderer. [159] Three biographies of Anderson were written after 1975. Bloody Bill Anderson & the Missouri Bushwhackers - YouTube 0:00 / 1:05:58 Bloody Bill Anderson & the Missouri Bushwhackers Wild West Extravaganza 14.8K subscribers 132K views 1 year ago. [Photo captions, clockwise from top left, read] [112] Although five guerrillas were killed by the first volley of Union fire, the Union soldiers were quickly overwhelmed by the well-armed guerrillas, and those who fled were pursued. After hearing their accusations against his sons, he was incensedhe found Baker's involvement particularly infuriating. Violence Was No Stranger (1993). The Death of William Anderson John Russell. Gen. Thomas C. Hindman was the head of the Confederate Army's Trans Mississippi Department in Little Rock, Ark. [32], Quantrill's Raiders had an extensive support network in Missouri that provided them with numerous hiding places. Dec 28, 2022. Brown had devoted significant attention to the border area, Anderson led raids in Cooper County and Johnson County, Missouri, robbing local residents. On July 30, Anderson and his men kidnapped the elderly father of the local Union militia's commanding officer. In 1908, the ex-guerrillas and former outlaws Jim Cummins and Cole Younger arranged for a funeral service at Anderson's gravesite. These regiments were composed of troops from out of state, who sometimes mistreated local residents, further motivating the guerrillas and their supporters. One dating device is the guns; they are all germane to the late 1860s and early 1870s at the . Their duty will be to cut off Federal pickets, scouts, foraging parties and trains and to kill pilots and others on gunboats and transports, attacking them day and night and using the greatest vigor in their movements. Doing some quick math on the number of men who rode with Quantrill, numbers around 700 ( those who can be named), maybe more. [35] In the aftermath, rumors that the building had been intentionally sabotaged by Union soldiers spread quickly;[36] Anderson was convinced it had been a deliberate act. Only advantage would have been if you were behind a barrier, in a gun battle. James Jay Carafano. If they were caught, Federals considered them criminals not prisoners of war. It is said that "Bloody Bill" Anderson carried six to eight revolvers with him at any point. Date Posted: 8/12/2009 1:51:23 PM. One way he sought to prove that loyalty was by severing his ties with Anderson's sister Mary, his former lover. [143] Only Anderson and one other man, the son of a Confederate general, continued to charge after the others had retreated. Forces of Change and the Enduring Ozark Frontier: The Civil War. Operating against Unionists in the midst of the guerrilla war in Missouri and Kansas, he was a leading figure in the infamous Lawrence Massacre and the Centralia Massacre, gaining the nickname "Bloody Bill" for the perceived savagery of his exploits. 2, in March 1862, allowed Union troops in Missouri to hang guerillas as robbers and murder[er]s. Future orders followed the same tone. Anderson led a band that targeted Union loyalists and Federal soldiers in Missouri and Kansas. Location: Missouri, United States. At the end of P.R. The guerrillas then attacked Allen, Missouri. [57] Quantrill appointed him a first lieutenant, subordinate only to himself and to Todd. [54] During the winter, Anderson married Bush Smith, a woman from Sherman, Texas. His dark good looks brought him to the attention . [148] Union soldiers buried Anderson's body in a field near Richmond in a fairly well-built coffin. The Dalton gang, cousins of the Younger brothers and imitators of the James gang, met their end at a bloody dual bank robbery in this Kansas town. "Bring Lieutenant Coleman to me." A lack of Confederate military presence in Missouri led Southern sympathizers to form guerrilla groups to harass Union soldiers and pro-Union citizens. The guerrillas gathered at the Blackwater River in Johnson County, Missouri. The Guerrilla Lifestyle , The life of a guerrilla was difficult and violent. Marker is on Thornton Street north of Main Street (State Highway 10), on the left when traveling north. [70] On July 15, Anderson and his men entered Huntsville, Missouri and occupied the town's business district. [71] Anderson killed one hotel guest whom he suspected was a U.S. Gen. Henry Halleck. Notorious Confederate bushwhacker Bloody Bill Anderson Three bushwackers; Arch Clements, Dave Pool, and Bill Hendricks. One one hand, they were useful, serving to tie down Union forces. En route, they entered Baxter Springs, Kansas, the site of Fort Blair. On August 10, while traveling through Clay County, Anderson and his men engaged 25 militia members, killing five of them and forcing the rest to flee. I have also read it was several Cavalry troopers, but that is another story. After the attack, one of Anderson's guerrillas scalped a dead militiaman. Some, like the veterans attending the bushwacker reunions under Quantrill's vacant gaze, managed to adjust to post-war life. They used it to attack other boats, bringing river traffic to a virtual halt. several of Anderson's men were cut down immediately & Anderson & 2 more continued but just a short distance when they were cut down. Marshal, but spoke amicably with an acquaintance he found there. The Fate of the Bushwhackers Anderson is loosely portrayed by Jim Caviezel as Black John Ambrose in the 1999 Ang Lee film Ride With The Devil. Anderson, perhaps falsely, implicated Quantrill in a murder, leading to the latter's arrest by Confederate authorities. These "guerrilla shirts" were pullovers with a deep v-neckline and four large pockets. . [167], In a study of 19th-century warfare, historian James Reid posited that Anderson suffered from delusional paranoia, which exacerbated his aggressive, sadistic personality. Union troops used horses to drag Anderson's body through the streets around the Ray County Courthouse. Union troops set his body up for public viewing and photos at the Richmond, Missouri courthouse. Details on John (b. [47] The raiding party was pursued by Union forces but eventually managed to break contact with the soldiers and scatter into the Missouri woods. Their families and other local Confederate sympathizers supplied them with shelter, food, medical care and tactical information about Union activities. [48] After a dead raider was scalped by a Union-allied Lenape Indian during the pursuit, one guerrilla leader pledged to adopt the practice of scalping. Anderson was fatally shot twice in the back of the head. Gen. Thomas Ewing issued General Orders No. Partisan Warfare in the American Civil War. The tension between the two groups markedly increasedsome feared open warfare would resultbut by the time of the wedding, relations had improved. The Union troops took his body to Richmond, Mo. It could be interpreted that the bugler picked up a total of 6 pistols that belonged, possibly to the other men that fell with Anderson. Stockburn gets a good look at the Preacher and says "YOU". Many bushwhackers wore a distinctive shirt, such as this one on T.F. There, his men briefly engaged a group of guerrillas loyal to Quantrill, but no one was injured in the confrontation. So . [167] He maintains that Anderson's acts were seen as particularly shocking in part because his cruelty was directed towards white Americans of equivalent social standing, rather than targets deemed acceptable by American society, such as Native Americans or foreigners. [6] Kansas was at the time embroiled in an ideological conflict regarding its admission to the Union as slave or free, and both pro-slavery activists and abolitionists had moved there in attempts to influence its ultimate status. Henry Fuller's interview articles appeared in newspapers and magazines all across the United States. "Born in Kentucky in 1839 before moving to Missouri and eventually living in Kansas when the Civil War started, Bill Anderson soon earned the nom de plume "Bloody Bill.". While on public display, a local photographer documented his death. Bushwhacker activities in Missouri increased as a response to Federal occupation and increasingly brutal attacks and raids by Kansas soldiers, or jayhawkers. [8] After settling there, the Anderson family became friends with A.I. They often used unorthodox tactics to fight Union troops, such as using a small party of horsemen to lure them into an ambush. [107] The guerrillas set the passenger train on fire and derailed an approaching freight train. You may have your own list of heartless maniacal killers. The act sanctioned guerrilla activities against the Union army while attempting to gain some measure of control over the guerrillas. [130] Price was disgusted that Anderson used scalps to decorate his horse, and would not speak with him until he removed them. Anderson ordered them outside the car and lined up in two files. [110] By mid-afternoon, the 39th Missouri Volunteer Infantry had arrived in Centralia. Violence dropped in the area affected by Order No. ; and Confederate Memorial State Historic Site in Higginsville, Mo. Note: Click on photos to get larger view. CPT William T. "Bloody Bill" Anderson Famous memorial Birth 1839. The next day, the elder Anderson traveled to the Council Grove courthouse with a gun, intending to force Baker to withdraw the warrant. The act sanctioned guerrilla activities against the Union army while attempting to gain some measure of control over the guerrillas. They opposed the Union army in Missouri for a variety of reasons. View character biography, pictures and memorable quotes. The Myth that Bloody Bill Anderson had survived the war and was living in Brownwood Texas originated in 1924, after a young Brownwood reporter named Henry Clay Fuller spent several hours talking . They chased the men who had attacked them, killing one and mutilating his body. In 1857, the family moved to Kansas and William worked for a time . Smaller bands avoided fights with larger detachments of Union soldiers, preferring to ambush stragglers or loot Union supporters and their property.
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