Historian Edward J. Larsen discusses Washington's first inauguration in this video from Mount Vernon on Vimeo. Armonk, NY: Sharpe Reference, 2003. Paullin, Charles O. All 69 electors cast one vote for Washington, making his election unanimous. His journey northward was a celebratory procession as people in every town and village through which he passed turned out to greet him, often with banners and speeches and in some places with triumphal arches. Open 365 days a year, Mount Vernon is located just 15 miles south of Washington DC. 6577. Source: .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}Dubin, Michael J. Each of the participating electors cast one vote for Washington, who was elected president. Anti-Federalist leaders such as Patrick Henry, who did not run, and George Clinton, who had opposed ratification of the Constitution, also represented potential choices. On February 4, 1789, the 69 members of the Electoral College made George Washington the only chief executive to be unanimously elected. However, neither of those cities was Washington, D.C., as the seat of government did not move there until 1800. In some states, there was a nominal religious test for voting. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Two other candidates won the five remaining electoral votes. In both the election of 1789 and 1792 Washington received all votes from the Electoral College. In order to win the presidency, a candidate needs a majority of 270 electoral votes out of a possible 538. Saul Loeb/AFP via Getty. The process began with each state having to choose its electors by January 7th, 1789. In New York, the race for governor was fought along these lines. He made the comments to Washington Post journalists in an . The vice-presidential vote split between John Adams (34), John Jay (9), Robert Harrison (6), and John Rutledge (6). Washingtons position as a commander in the Revolutionary War against Great Britain placed him in high esteem. Thus, the contest for the Vice-Presidency was open. The 1792 United States presidential election was the second quadrennial presidential election. Of these, complete returns from Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Pennsylvania survive; surviving returns from Virginia are incomplete, and popular vote records from Kentucky are not known to exist. We don't accept government funding and rely upon private contributions to help preserve George Washington's home and legacy. In 1789, the first presidential election, George Washingtonwas unanimously elected president of the United States. 2023 Mount Vernon Ladies Association. Voting was hampered by poor communications and infrastructure and the labor demands imposed by farming. As per the terms of the unamended constitution, each elector was permitted two votes for president, with a majority of "the whole number of electors appointed" necessary to elect a president. Those secondary votes allowed for the first vice president and would determine the direction of domestic politics for years to come. Of the 72 electors, all but three cast their ballots (electors voted for two candidates). However, officially, there were three names on the ballot, with the other two deemed presidential candidates on a technicality. Washington was elected unanimously, receiving one vote from every elector. Members of the U.S. Congress, though, cant be electors. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Mount Vernon Ladies Association. The Twelfth Amendment would eventually replace this system, requiring electors to cast one vote for president and one vote for vice president, but this change did not take effect until 1804. The president and vice president are the only elected federal officials chosen by the Electoral College instead of by direct popular vote. This was the only U.S. presidential election that spanned two calendar years without a contingent election and the first national presidential election in American history. One exhilarated eyewitness recalled that " my sensibility was wound to such a pitch that I could do no more than wave my hat with the rest, without the power of joining in the requested acclamations which rent the air!" OnMay 16 1789, Mrs. Washington and her grandchildren, Nelly and Washy, embarked on an 11-day journey through Baltimore, Philadelphia, and more. This answers first letter of which starts with N and can be found at the end of E. We think NOONE is the possible answer on this clue. Source: "The Electoral College Count for the Presidential Election of 1789". But it's not the first time . No other president since has come into office with a universal mandate to lead. As it did in 1789, the United States still uses the Electoral College system, which today gives all American citizens over the age of 18 the right to vote for electors, who in turn vote for the president. Retrieved July 30, 2005. Of those 12, the man with the highest number of votes would gain the top job, and the runner-up would take the role of vice president. George Washington was unanimously elected for the first of his two terms as president and John Adams became the first vice president. Which president candidate ran against George W. Bush in 2004? That would make John Adams the leading person who ran against Washington in the 1788 election, as he served as the VP. Craig R. Coenen. Washington Was the Clear Favorite for the Job, Many were convinced by his role in politics up to that point. Historically, over 99 percent of all electors have cast their ballots in line with the voters. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. "I walk on untrodden ground," was a frequent comment he made in the days leading up to his first inauguration. Your email address will not be published. The sitting took place on October 3, 1789, probably in the president's official residence on Cherry Street in New York. It was the first contested American presidential election . Dinkin, Robert J. Three states, however, did not contribute to the vote total. Open 365 days a year, Mount Vernon is located just 15 miles south of Washington DC. [2] A group of Democratic-Republican leaders met in Philadelphia in October 1792 and selected Clinton as the party's vice presidential candidate.[3]. We don't accept government funding and rely upon private contributions to help preserve George Washington's home and legacy. (b) One electoral district failed to choose an elector. 1. February 2011. Vote totals for 13 of 76 Virginia counties exist.[9]. All Rights Reserved. The fight to ratify the United States Constitution was still fresh in the memories of the legislators, and the Anti-federalists were resentful for have been forced by events to accept the constitution without amendments. Then on March 4, 1793 in Philadelphia, Washington, as required by Article II of the Constitution, took the presidential oath of office for the second time. Our Digital Encyclopedia has all of the answers students and teachers need. Almost seven years later, there is still no evidence. Collier, Christopher. His persistence and devotion to his men and his perpetual mindfulness of the ideals for which they were fighting won him the respect and loyalty of many. (c) Those states that did choose electors by popular vote had widely varying restrictions on suffrage via property requirements. On February 13, 1793, a joint session of Congress counted the Electoral College votes from the second presidential election and George Washington was unanimously elected, again. Major General William Howe Howe directed British troops during the early years of the war. Who ran against George Washington for the role of president? Federalists attacked Clinton for his past association with the anti-Federalists. [7], Source (Popular Vote): A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787-1825[8]. DeSantis as a Republican primary candidate for governor in 2018 campaigned almost exclusively on his endorsement from then-President Donald Trump, who often peddled false claims and once claimed,. Source: United States Office of the Federal Register. The remainder of the votes were divided among 10 other candidates. The choice for vice president was more divisive. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. (a) Only 6 of the 10 states casting electoral votes chose electors by any form of the popular vote. But Washington himself did absolutely no public campaigning, and even cast doubt on whether he would take the job if elected. 2023 Mount Vernon Ladies Association. [4] Congress took twenty-eight days to assemble. After the war, he becamefirmly established in New Yorks small artistic community. 11037. He was also one of the anonymous writers responsible for the Federalist Papers in the lead-up to the creation of the United States Constitution. . John Adams and George Clinton both played a part in each election. View the Primary Source:Washingtons First Inaugural Address|Second Inaugural Address. A great crowd broke into cheers as Washington, standing on the balcony of Federal Hall, took the oath administered by Chancellor Robert Livingston and retired indoors to read to Congress his inaugural address. was voting in a mayoral election for the first time since moving to the city four years ago . New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1998. New York, however, failed to field a slate of electors. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2000. As the first, Washington had to create the American presidency from scratch. But Washington's tremendous popularity was not transferable to Adams across the country, as the Vice President lost the South. February 20, 2017. Photo: Brandon Bell/Getty. Need help with homework? Spend the day with us! Dahl, Robert A. Washington was inaugurated in New York City on April 30, 1789, 57 days after the First Congress convened. Federalists, backed by the great landed families and the city commercial interests, were the largest faction in the Senate, the smaller of the two chambers for which roughly a quarter of the state's free white male population was eligible to vote; but in the House of Representatives, with its larger membership and electorate, Anti-federalists representing the middling interests held the majority. From there, the rest of the field received very few votes each. The election took place following the ratification of the United States Constitution in 1788. The most significant features of this book are Washingtons personal notes, penciled in the margins. 1820 Presidential Election. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1987. Adams won 77 electoral votes, enough to win re-election. [2] Adams easily secured re-election. Discover what made Washington "first in war, first in peace and first in the hearts of his countrymen". Spend the day with us! Our Digital Encyclopedia has all of the answers students and teachers need. Washington was re-elected unanimously, receiving one vote from each of the 132 participating electors. Jefferson suggested John Jay, John Rutledge, and Virginian James Madison as other possible candidates. People were so concerned about a President who would try to take too much power, that anyone who tried to obtain the job would not be considered. Join the thousands of fellow patriots who rely on our 5-minute newsletter to stay informed on the key events and trends that shaped our nation's past and continue to shape its present. Need help with homework? Adams, meanwhile, was backed by the Federalist Party in his bid for another term. As expected, George Washington won the . Corrections? George Washington, President of the United States (1789-1797) Born out of the Anti-Federalist faction that had opposed the Constitution in 1788, the Democratic-Republican Party was the main opposition to the agenda of Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton. There was no precedent for this office in a world full of kings, leaving Washington the monumental task of figuring out how to act like a president. The inaugural ceremony was performed on Wall Street, near the spot now marked by John Quincy Adams Wards statue of Washington. United States Presidential Elections, 1788-1860: The Official Results by County and State. All 69 electors cast one vote for Washington, making his election unanimous. For the results of the subsequent election, see United States presidential election of 1792. North Carolina and Rhode Island had not yet ratified the Constitution. Totals for 13 of 76 Virginia counties exist. 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