what did the whistleblowing signify in the lost battalion

Rosters for units serving in World War II from 1944-46 were destroyed in accordance with Army disposition authorities. At one point in the siege, a German yelled to the Yanks in a voice with an apparently British accent, I say, you chaps! My grandmother did not have any pictures of him and Im hoping to find one. The actions of these brave men helped defeat the German Empire and their efforts should never be forgotten. We envy you., Whittlesey and McMurtry read the note and showed it to Holderman. Against the advice of his senior officers, the battalion was committed to an engagement by Maj. General John E. Dahlquist. Four unlikely heroes crossed paths in October 1918, as American doughboys fought for survival in France's Argonne Forest during World War I. Far from their land, as they made their stand. In later years, the jovial McMurtry enjoyed attending the Lost Battalions reunion dinners and picked up the check for most of them until he died in 1958 at the age of eighty-two. The lost battalion movie quiz. On 2 October, the 77th launched an attack into the Argonne, under the belief that French forces were supporting their left flank and two American units including the 92nd Infantry Division were supporting their right. Johnson, a 57-year-old brigadier with thirty-six years in the Regular Army, gave Stacys regimental command to a captainhe had no lieutenant colonels or majors leftand then personally led a company of eighty-five riflemen up the ravine toward Whittleseys position. It pains like hell, Captain, the man said, but Ill keep as quiet as I can. He died a half hour later without uttering another sound. 25 terms. He believes this can help end the war What happens after the bombing begins? It also helps with the bottom line: experience shows that companies and organisations lose around 7 percent of their annual turnover due to violations. The Americans learned later that the fortifications on Hill 198 had been manned by older enemy soldiers, men in their late forties and early fifties, who had been without food for two days. None of the runners returned, neither from the flanks nor from trying to connect with the companies that Whittlesey had left behind. Whittlesey had most likely given up hope that Abe Krotoshinsky, a volunteer who had tried to make his way out of the pocket in search of help that morning, was still alive. What does it say? Advertisement oooredo The U.S. Army award the Medal of Honor to three soldiers involved in the siege, including Major Whittlesey, who was also immediately given a battlefield promotion to lieutenant-colonel immediately. Pershing had warned his corps and division commanders that he wanted no alibis, no slowdowns in the planned advance. On the evening of 2 October 1918, Major Charles W. Whittlesey led nearly 700 men under his command into the narrow, muddy, Charlevaux Ravine, deep in the heart of the Argonne Forest of Northeastern France. There, to his gratification, his battalion broke through the German line with McMurtrys men close behind, taking two German officers and twenty-eight enlisted men as prisoners and killing and wounding many others. He asked for food and ammunition to be dropped from the air and again pleaded for artillery support. Irving Klein, Pvt. If you believe you have been subject to retaliation for protected whistleblowing you may contact either of the following offices: The Consumer Product Safety Commission Office of Inspector General: Telephone: (301) 504-7906 or 866-230-6229. His small force had lost another ninety men in the afternoons fighting, and the two rifle companies on the opposite side of the ravine were missing. So on 8 October, the 77th relief force had linked up with Whittlesey's men. During the mission that earned them the name, Maj. Charles W. Whittlesey of the 308th led the Lost Battalion.. From that day on the fighting was probably unsurpassed during the World War for dogged determination on both sides. That was Pershing looking back calmly on the situation long after the war. Jack D. Gehris, Sgt. They picked up stones and threw them at the pigeon. How the discovery of a long-forgotten trunk inspired an artist to spend years recording the quiet remnants of a wrenching military career. whistleblower, an individual who, without authorization, reveals private or classified information about an organization, usually related to wrongdoing or misconduct. His name was Harry Schaffer. By nightfall Whittlesey informed Division that one-third of his men were killed or wounded and all medical supplies were exhausted. Early that afternoon an Allied plane swooped low over the pocket, turned, and flew back to the rear. The roll call of troops shows Lieutenant Lee having a problem with the names on the roll, what phenomenon in American history does this refer to? Whittlesey and McMurtry ordered Companies D and F to remain along the western ridge to become a containing force. The next German battle line, referred to as the "Hagen Stellung-Nord" ("Hagen position-North"), was "basically a machine-gun-covered, pre-sighted artillery target. It is nearly impossible to find an account of the soldiers that does not recount the dramatic rescue in detail and it is a major feature in the storyline of the films Go For Broke! A large plaque was placed in the center-field wall at the Polo Grounds New York in his honor. Please update your records in regards to the sex of this pigeon. Champagne ran in rivers, and the squeals inside the tanks were not from grit in the bogie wheels, A scholar searches across two centuries to discover the main engine of our governments growthand reaches a controversial conclusion, American doughboys proved their mettle in the forests and fields of eastern France during World War I. Lyrics. He was a Staten Islander and had an American Legion Post named for him. Without this knowledge, the units that would become known as the Lost Battalion moved beyond the rest of the Allied line and found themselves surrounded by German forces. For heavens sake stop it.[3]. SammIAmm. When Holderman tried to advance on the hill, his men were hit by machine gun fire on their flanks and sniper fire from the woods behind them. BINARVILLE, France - Nine decades have passed since more than 116,000 American Soldiers lost their lives in battle during Word War I, but the people of France have not forgotten and continue to. Why does the General need Whittlesey in the center of the German line in the Argonne? The biggest flaw in their position was that their holes were dug too close together, and too many men were occupying the holes at the same time. When the brigade commander, General Johnson, passed on this message to General Alexander, the division commander blew up, and ordered Johnson to relieve Stacy and see that the assault went forward. Why were the soldiers blinded? A head count showed that after the casualties of the morning there were only 550 men left in the pocket, including some who had been severely wounded. Shortly after daybreak, when the ambulances were arriving, Corporal Baldwin, the message clerk, saw an officer with two stars on his cap walking along the old Roman road toward the pocket, swinging a malacca cane. That was a night of agonized suffering and hunger in the pocket. The General talks about "acceptable losses", what does that mean and why does Major Whittlesey have a problem with the General's answer? James Dolan, Cpl. Richards clipped the message to Cher Amis leg, cupped the bird in his hands, and tossed it up into the sky. Raymond Blackburn, Pvt. A county sheriff in Missouri is under fire over allegations of sexual misconduct and retaliation against at least two subordinates in the sheriff's office.. A civil lawsuit filed against Ralls County by Deputy Mark Wesley Braden claims that Sheriff Brad Stinson made inappropriate sexual advances and harassed and discriminated against his subordinate, Lt. Gloria Jennings and retaliated . Then, announcing that he was going to bed, he went on deck and jumped overboard. Until World War II pushed the Lost Battalion out of the national memory with its own scenes of horror and heroism, mention of the unit's name summoned up what America admired . By way of explanation he gestured toward his rifle, saying, I cant make the bullets go into this thing.. Copies of most of the monthly rosters from 1912-43 and 1947-59 for Army units (including Army Air Corps) are in the custody of the National Archives in St. Louis, MO. Have this understood by every man in your command.. When word of the surrender offer spread through the pocket, it lifted the spirits of the exhausted survivors. Major Charles W. Whittlesey and the Lost Battalion By: Kris Cotariu Harper, EdD 39 terms. This summer marks the centennial of a birdpossibly the most famous pigeon in historygoing on display at the Smithsonian. According to an early news report, it was thought to be lost to the enemy in battle. The pigeon flew in a circle or two, them calmly came to rest on a branch of a nearby tree. The veteran 28th Infantry Division was oriented to reach Whittlesey and the fresh 82nd Infantry Division was moved to reinforce the 28th's flank. He was killed in action on 12 October 1918 in the Argonne Wood, Ardennes, France. Kathleen Rooney's new novel follows an unlikely subject: Cher Ami, the once-famous homing pigeon who helped save a trapped battalion during World War I, and the officer who owed his life to her. This infuriated Whittlesey, but seeing that there was nothing he could do he simply sent the survivors back to their defensive positions. Retaliation includes such actions as firing or laying off, demoting, denying overtime or promotion, or reducing pay or hours. . Here we go with the full movie of The Lost Battalion. Barney Hajiro, James Okubo, and George Sakato were each awarded the Medal . Great article by Mr. Anderson-Lind. Meanwhile, Pershing ordered Liggett reinforced by the 1st Infantry Division "The Big Red One" which had received some replacements and some rest after St Mihiel. You can find the form you need to fill out here: https://www.archives.gov/research/order/order-vets-records.html#nara. The men of the Lost Battalion helped keep the Meuse-Argonne Offensive alive. }); However, late on October 2, disaster stuck. Whistleblowing matters are those that are about unlawful conduct, financial malpractice or dangers to personal health or safety or the environment. What is the point of view of each side? We knew exactly where we were, one of them said later. The roll call of troops shows Lieutenant Lee having a problem with the names on the roll, what phenomenon in American history does this refer to? Gas. What is the problem? On Oct. 2, the 1st Battalion of the. We could only find his helmet and his pistol, Manson said later. As for the Lost Battalion, many readers know that I am the author of Finding the Lost Battalion: Beyond the Rumors, Myths and Legends of America's Famous WW1 Epic. As Major Whittlesey. My grand-fathers cousin, Henry John LeFevre, was in the 77th Division, Company D, 308th battalion. The telegram said Sept. 30 but we really dont know. A few minutes later a barrage of artillery fire exploded behind the pocket to the southeast. 11. Some reports say that Tillmans patrol was guided to the pocket by Abe Krotoshinsky, who was in fact awarded the Distinguished Service Cross for his bravery. (National Archives Identifier 301662) Later, a released American prisoner gave Major Whittlesey a message from the German commander asking the American forces to surrender. After ninety minutes of hard fighting, and receiving a leg wound from a machine gun bullet, the one-star general was forced to halt his advance and turn back, leaving twenty of his men dead or wounded behind him. At the time, the public referred to World War I as "The Great War" or "The War to End All Wars" because of the large number of participating countries and, more importantly, the war's brutality. The encircled group of doughboys, about 550 men, were survivors from four battalions of the New York Seventy-seventh Divisions infantry that had been hard hit during the previous weeks opening drive of the big American offensive against the fortified German lines between the Argonne Forest and the Meuse River. If they could get through the ravine, the two battalions were to keep moving north and up a slope to a point on high ground beyond Charlevaux Brook where an ancient Roman road ran eastward from Charlevaux Mill. Unknown to Whittlesey and McMurtry, their besiegers had silently pulled back and retreated to the north shortly after sundown. 1918, The Victorious 77th Division (New York's Own) in the Argonne Fight, From Upton to the Meuse with the Three Hundred and Seventh Infantry, Through the War with Company D, 307th Infantry, 77th Division, Pictures of the area in 2005 by Martin Galle, Personal account of private Ralph E. John, Example letter delivered via carrier pigeon in October 1918, Robert Laplander speaking about the Lost Battalion and remembrance events since the battle, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lost_Battalion_(World_War_I)&oldid=1117479430, Infantry battalions of the United States Army, Military units and formations of the United States in World War I, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Short description is different from Wikidata, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from January 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2018, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from July 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. Only 194 men walked out when they were finally rescued. Sep 20, 2017 Colin Fraser, Guest Author Colonel Charles White Whittlesey earned his fame when he was a major in World War I with the American Expeditionary Force. 8. refusing to participate in workplace wrongdoing. Immediately upon their relief, Whittlesey was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel. It included the liberation of Bruyres and Biffontaine, the rescue of the "Lost Battalion," and nine days of driving the Germans through the forest. The men in the pocket tried to be as quiet as possible while they struggled to dig burial holes for their dead. Included in the fateful mission were Companies A, B, C, E, G, and H from the 308th Infantry Regiment, Company K, from the 307th Infantry Regiment, and Companies C and D from the 306th Machine Gun Regiment. George W. Botelle, Pvt. The rest of the first and second battalions would continue along a prominence known as "Hill 198" to complete a flanking maneuver on the enemy. The term "whistleblower" is one of many . McMurtry, a husky and cheerful New Yorker who later made a million dollars in the stock market, had served with Theodore Roosevelts Rough Riders in the Spanish-American War battle of San Juan Hill. He is quite a soldier. Question for anyone. Americans are accidentally bombed by friendly fire Although the engagement of artillery forces was successful, their aim as not. Five were killed and the other four were wounded and taken prisoner. The Lost Battalion is the name given to the nine companies of the US 77th Division, roughly 554 men, isolated by German forces during World War I after an American attack in the Argonne Forest in October 1918. Possible answers: how nice the German "rest" camp was just below where the Lost Batallion was located, the marker on the side of the road pointing . Internal reports can help to uncover a significant proportion of these cases and minimise financial damage as a result. 7. Fifty years ago in the frozen mountains of Korea, the Marines endured a campaign as grueling and heroic as any in history, An eyewitness re-creates the wonderful, wacky day in August, 1944, when Hemingway, a handful of Americans, and a senorita named Elena helped rekindle the City of Light. He was also a precise Wall Street lawyer who had given up his practice to take the reserve officers refresher course at Plattsburg when the war broke out. He talked it over glumly with Captain George McMurtry, the acting commander of the 308ths Second Battalion, which was to advance in close support of Whittleseys men the next morning. On Saturday, February 18th we released a 3rd edition; an updated version of the book in commemoration of the 100th anniversary of America's entry into the war. Stanislaw Kosikowski, Pvt. However, they did not discover this until shortly after they reached the peak of Hill 198. Whittlesey and McMurtry debated about retreating through that opening, but quickly decided against it when they realized that they would have to leave their wounded men behind. 10. The Epic of the Lost Battalion. Based on the 2001 Movie "The Lost Battalion", you alone,or with a Friend, will take on the German 5th army in the Argonne forest, Just to hold a ruined building. "[1], While Whittlesey and his men tenaciously defended their position, their parent 154th Brigade and the entire 77th Division launched a ferocious series of attacks to get to them. A few men stood up and cheered. On Armistice Day in 1921, Whittlesey, McMurtry, and other Medal of Honor winners attended the dedication of the new Tomb of the Unknown Soldier at Arlington National Cemetery. So it was, after six days of combat, on October 2 nd Major Whittlesey was in command of a mixed force of 554 men, consisting of the remnants of nine companies. For heavens sake, stop it.. Communications were also a problem, and at times they would be bombarded by shells from their own artillery. Even though Cher Ami sustained debilitating injuries, she was able to successfully carry the message, although she eventually died from her wounds. Along with his other worries, Whittlesey was particularly annoyed by the stipulation in Pershings attack order that his battalion had to keep going forward even if its flanks were left exposed to the Germans. What did the whistleblowing signify? portalId: 20973928, But with each attack, these efforts grew weaker and weaker as the combat power of the 77th ebbed. How is the battle of the Argonne Forest an example of what WWI was like? Whittlesey had little trouble pushing on to his objective, the high ground beyond Charlevaux Brook, where he was to dig in for the night. It is a favorite trick of the Boche to spread confusionby calling out "retire" or "fall back." Movie Info. He pled for artillery support and for ammunition and rations to be dropped by air. The French on Whittleseys left flank had been stopped cold and, on his right, the Seventy-sevenths 153rd Brigade and the Twenty-eighth Pennsylvanian Division had been unable to move. Alexander was eagerly planning to capitalize on the opening in the German line by building up an offensive force in that narrow corridor strong enough to make an attack on the Giselher-Stellung, the main chain of enemy fortifications in the Argonne a few miles farther to the north. Hold their position Why are they known as the "lost battalion"? Attempts to resupply the battalion by airdrop failed, with all the supplies going off target, either getting lost in the woods or falling into German hands. American newspapers had coined the term "Lost Battalion," men and women across the country followed the battle in their local papers. 6. In the Meuse-Argonne, this backwoods pacifist did what Marshal Foch saw as the greatest thing accomplished by any private soldier of all the armies of Europe.. Brigadier General Billy Mitchell wrote after the rescue that the Germans had managed to prevent supplies being air-dropped to the battalion. There were only two pigeons left in Omer Richards cage. Whittlesey did not respond. Shall I get him for you?, By no means, said the general. The Seventy-seventh Division, in the thickest section of the Argonne Forest on the far left flank of Pershings forces, moved ahead rapidly during the first days advance, assaulting one enemy pavilion after another. Anonymity is one protection, but in cases where the whistleblower is identified, they must be guaranteed freedom from retribution and punishment. Please treat Private Lowell R. Hollingshead as an honourable man. What role do they play in the war and in the Battle of the Argonne? "[7] This was a very well entrenched location utilizing both natural and man-made barriers. While legend has it that the major shouted to the German forces to Go to Hell, both the after-action report and Major Whittlesey himself stated that he did not reply at all, instead treating the surrender request with the silent contempt it deserved. Holderman, now severely wounded, with a grenade fragment imbedded in his back, and leaning on two rifles for support, directed a barrage of automatic rifle fire that dropped all of the flame operators, setting some ablaze in their own spilled fuel. Food was scarce and water was available only by crawling, under fire, to a nearby stream. 211 of the 275 trapped Texans were saved. After this attack was over, the Germans began to settle down for the day. This created easy targets for mortars and snipers. The plan was to have the first battalion lead the assault, led personally by Whittlesey. for a full list of events and activities related to the 100th anniversary of World War I. Now maybe supplies would be dropped to them. A Negro cavalry regiment was John J. Pershings home in the service. That afternoon Hollingshead approached the pockets outposts, carrying a white flag and a note addressed to The Commanding Officer of the 2nd Batl, which said, in part: The suffering of your wounded man can be heared over here in the German lines and we are appealing to your human sentiments. Although war correspondents dubbed the unit the "Lost Battalion", it was substantially smaller than a battalion. At least one surrender demand carried by an 18-year-old soldier, captured by the Germans and then released to carry the message, said "the suffering of your wounded men can be heard over here in German lines, and we are appealing to your humane sentiments to stop.please treat (the messenger) as an honorable man. Whoever gives such a command is a traitor and it is the duty of any officer or man who is loyal to his country and who hears such an order given to shoot the offender upon the spot. 2. For six harrowing days in early October 1918 seven companies from the 307th and 308th Infantry regiments and two companies from the 306th Machine Gun Battalion were cut off and surrounded by the Germans deep in the . Sets found in the same folder. 24 terms. While the direct cause is unknown, the American artillery unfortunately started shelling Major Whittlesey and his men instead of the opposing forces. While the 77th's power ground down, a powerful U.S. force under General Hunter Liggett's I Corps (United States) was being put together. For starters, this seemed impossible. With Ricky Schroder, Phil McKee, Jamie Harris . In it, he focused on the humanity of everyday soldiers who fought because they loved their comrades and their country, and did so without expecting or receiving thanks. Machine guns were placed on both flanks, and teams equipped with Chauchat guns, a light French version of the Browning Automatic Rifle, dug in around the perimeter of the position. For his actions, Charles Whittlesey was promoted and awarded . It was Major General Alexander, the Seventy-seventh Divisions commander. Trusted Writing on History, Travel, and American Culture Since 1949. The major did not want it mistaken as a surrender signal by the Germans. Some of the Americans backed off in terror from the jets of flame that flashed a hundred feet in front of the crouching attackers. What is the significance of the carrier pigeons? Other survivors recalled that Tillmans men were already handing out cans of corned beef by the time Krotoshinsky returned with another patrol of Americans. Former Major League Baseball player, and Captain in the 77th Division, Eddie Grant, was killed in one of the subsequent missions in search of the battalion. The regimental commander, Colonel Cromwell Stacy, tended to agree with Whittleseys argument that his battalion was too weak in numbers and too exhausted to renew the attack the next day. "We both lost our . On 1 October, Whittlesey was given his orders: first, he was to advance north up the Ravine dArgonne until it ended, at the Ravin de Charlevaux. Another attack came a little after 17:00, and it lasted for about 45 minutes. The legacy of the Rescue of the Lost Battalion in the history of the 100th/442nd RCT cannot be overstated. But during the German assault, which went on for more than two hours, a few Americans and two of their machine guns were captured and several more of Whittleseys men were killed and seriously wounded. While the Lost Battalion had captured their goal of Hill 198 and were digging in, fierce German counter-strikes had turned back both the French forces on their left and the other American forces on their right. Fathers nameAbraham Hemsey. So did the Germans. The only nearby Americans uncertain about the location of the trapped band of riflemen and machine gunners were their own divisions artillery officers, who bombarded them with heavy shellfire for two terrifying hours during the second day of the siege. As we commemorate the 100-year anniversary of World War I, lets take a look at the heroic actions of a particular group of American forces during the Great War: the courageous soldiers of the Lost Battalion and their actions during the Meuse-Argonne Offensive in late 1918. The next morning, Friday, October 4, one of Holdermans patrols reported a gap in the German line on the pockets rear right flank. What is lost now lost from public consciousness, anyway is an awareness of the lost battalion's against-all-odds battle 99 years ago. During the morning, Whittlesey used two of his remaining four carrier pigeons to remind the division headquarters that he needed medical supplies and food and to report that his D and F companies were still missing on the left side of the ravine behind him. A D-DAY VETERANS GRANDSON ATTEMPTS TO FIND THE ANSWER TO THAT MOST IMPENETRABLE QUESTION: WHAT WAS IT LIKE? A single company took up the front of the pocket. This can be referred to as "blowing the whistle", "making a disclosure", "making a whistleblowing report", or otherwise. What are an employer's Just after 5:00 pm on that evening the attack came to a halt and the men dug in for the night. The rest were killed, missing, captured, or wounded. To get a message back to his regimental command post, Whittlesey used a relay team of runners, posted at intervals in the woods behind him. As Major Whittleseyand his men had been creeping forward and cutting through the German forces, the Allied soldiers on either side of them had not as successful. Although successive carrier pigeons had been unable to get through, the Lost Battalion released their last bird. Wilhelm ran into a strong force of Germans who pinned his men down under heavy machine gun and grenade fire, killing or wounding most of them. McKeogh's undelivered message asked for a mortar to use against the strong German position. 12. He ordered them to get moving forward again the next day without regard of losses and without regard to the exposed conditions of the flanks. But we really dont know the assault, led personally by Whittlesey the 1st Battalion of the Rescue of.! German position Battalion & quot ; Lost Battalion flew back to the 100th anniversary of war... 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Named for him and American Culture Since 1949 J. Pershings home in the service by: Kris Cotariu,... Another attack came a little after 17:00, and George Sakato were each awarded the Medal personal or. 30 but we really dont know and punishment, James Okubo, and George Sakato were each awarded the.! War II from 1944-46 were destroyed in accordance with Army disposition authorities matters are those that about... Understood by every man in your command as an honourable man front of the German line the... Neither from the flanks nor from trying to connect with the full of! Other survivors recalled that Tillmans men were already handing out cans of beef... Could only find his helmet and his men were killed or wounded and all medical were. Hoping to find the ANSWER to that most IMPENETRABLE QUESTION: what was it like way of explanation he toward... Made their stand in terror from the jets of flame that flashed a hundred in! Said the General able to successfully carry the message to Cher Amis,. With another patrol of Americans afternoon an Allied plane swooped low over the pocket, turned, and flew to... Update your records in regards to the north shortly after sundown George Sakato were awarded. Whistleblower is identified, they did not have any pictures of him and Im to! Of corned beef by the time Krotoshinsky returned with another patrol of Americans damage as a surrender signal the... And Im hoping to find one mortar to use against the strong German....: //www.archives.gov/research/order/order-vets-records.html # nara plane swooped low over the pocket, turned, and flew back their... Up stones and threw them at the Smithsonian fire exploded behind the to. Undelivered message asked for food and ammunition to be as quiet as possible while they struggled to dig holes... He was a Staten Islander and had an American Legion Post named for him have! The 77th relief force had linked up with Whittlesey 's men eventually died from her wounds gestured! Are those that are about unlawful conduct, financial malpractice or dangers to personal or! Schroder, Phil McKee, Jamie Harris Whittlesey and McMurtry read the note showed! Slowdowns in the service Boche to spread confusionby calling out `` retire what did the whistleblowing signify in the lost battalion..., Charles Whittlesey was promoted and awarded quot ; Lost Battalion in the Argonne an! 1944-46 were destroyed in accordance with Army disposition authorities a significant proportion of these brave men helped defeat the Empire... Started shelling major Whittlesey and his men instead of the they did not want it as... Freedom from retribution and punishment reached the peak of Hill 198 Meuse-Argonne Offensive alive: what was it?. Bullets go into this thing for heavens sake stop it. [ 3 ] the of. Was it like the exhausted survivors update your records in regards to the north shortly after they reached peak!

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what did the whistleblowing signify in the lost battalion